Part 8 – Sacred Groves, Biosphere Reserves, National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries & Ramsar Sites (25 MCQs)

Q1. Sacred groves are conserved due to:

a) Religious and cultural traditions
b) Government laws
c) Modern technology
d) Ecotourism

Answer: a) Religious and cultural traditions

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Local communities protect forests due to faith.
(b) Incorrect → Not legally enforced originally.
(c) Incorrect → Not tech-based.
(d) Incorrect → Ecotourism is modern concept.

Q2. Sacred groves are found in:

a) Khasi and Jaintia Hills (Meghalaya)
b) Western Ghats
c) Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
d) All of these

Answer: d) All of these

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Meghalaya = sacred groves.
(b) Correct → Ghats also have sacred groves.
(c) Correct → Rajasthan & MP too.
(d) Correct → All locations.

Q3. Which is the largest biosphere reserve in India?

a) Nilgiri
b) Sundarbans
c) Nanda Devi
d) Gulf of Mannar

Answer: b) Sundarbans

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Nilgiri large, but not largest.
(b) Correct → Sundarbans (10,000+ sq. km).
(c) Incorrect → Smaller area.
(d) Incorrect → Gulf of Mannar smaller.

Q4. Which is the first biosphere reserve of India?

a) Nilgiri
b) Nanda Devi
c) Sundarbans
d) Gulf of Mannar

Answer: a) Nilgiri

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Declared in 1986 as India’s first.
(b) Incorrect → Declared later.
(c) Incorrect → Largest, not first.
(d) Incorrect → Declared later.

Q5. Which is the largest national park of India?

a) Gir
b) Hemis
c) Jim Corbett
d) Kaziranga

Answer: b) Hemis

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Gir smaller.
(b) Correct → Hemis NP (Ladakh) largest, ~4,400 sq. km.
(c) Incorrect → Corbett = first NP, not largest.
(d) Incorrect → Kaziranga smaller.

Q6. Which is India’s first national park?

a) Kaziranga
b) Jim Corbett
c) Gir
d) Periyar

Answer: b) Jim Corbett

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Famous for rhinos.
(b) Correct → Jim Corbett NP, 1936.
(c) Incorrect → Gir = lions.
(d) Incorrect → Periyar = elephants.

Q7. Which is the only floating national park in the world?

a) Sundarbans
b) Keibul Lamjao (Manipur)
c) Kaziranga
d) Periyar

Answer: b) Keibul Lamjao (Manipur)

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Sundarbans = mangroves.
(b) Correct → Keibul Lamjao = floating phumdis.
(c) Incorrect → Kaziranga = rhinos.
(d) Incorrect → Periyar = elephants.

Q8. Which national park is famous for Asiatic lions?

a) Gir
b) Kaziranga
c) Ranthambore
d) Jim Corbett

Answer: a) Gir

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Gir (Gujarat) = Asiatic lions.
(b) Incorrect → Kaziranga = rhinos.
(c) Incorrect → Ranthambore = tigers.
(d) Incorrect → Corbett = tigers.

Q9. Which Indian state has the maximum number of national parks?

a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Assam
c) Uttarakhand
d) Karnataka

Answer: a) Madhya Pradesh

Explanation:

(a) Correct → MP has maximum national parks (10+).
(b) Incorrect → Assam has fewer.
(c) Incorrect → Uttarakhand fewer.
(d) Incorrect → Karnataka fewer.

Q10. Which Indian sanctuary is famous for migratory birds like Siberian crane?

a) Kaziranga
b) Bharatpur (Keoladeo)
c) Gir
d) Periyar

Answer: b) Bharatpur (Keoladeo)

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Kaziranga = rhinos.
(b) Correct → Keoladeo (Rajasthan) = migratory birds.
(c) Incorrect → Gir = lions.
(d) Incorrect → Periyar = elephants.

Q11. The Ramsar Convention deals with conservation of:

a) Forests
b) Wetlands
c) Grasslands
d) Deserts

Answer: b) Wetlands

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Not forests.
(b) Correct → Ramsar Convention = wetlands.
(c) Incorrect → Not grasslands.
(d) Incorrect → Not deserts.

Q12. Where was the Ramsar Convention signed?

a) Paris
b) Geneva
c) Ramsar (Iran)
d) Rio de Janeiro

Answer: c) Ramsar (Iran)

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Not Paris.
(b) Incorrect → Not Geneva.
(c) Correct → Signed at Ramsar, Iran (1971).
(d) Incorrect → Rio = Earth Summit.

Q13. How many Ramsar sites are there in India (as of 2022)?

a) 42
b) 49
c) 75
d) 100

Answer: c) 75

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Earlier lower.
(b) Incorrect → Outdated number.
(c) Correct → India has 75 Ramsar wetlands (2022).
(d) Incorrect → Not 100 yet.

Q14. Which is the largest Ramsar site in India?

a) Chilika Lake
b) Sundarbans
c) Sunderban Wetland (West Bengal)
d) Sambhar Lake

Answer: c) Sunderban Wetland (West Bengal)

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Chilika = largest lagoon.
(b) Incorrect → Sundarbans covers mangroves.
(c) Correct → Largest Ramsar site = Sunderban Wetland.
(d) Incorrect → Sambhar Lake smaller.

Q15. Which is the first Indian wetland included in Ramsar list?

a) Wular Lake
b) Chilika Lake
c) Loktak Lake
d) Sambhar Lake

Answer: b) Chilika Lake

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Wular later.
(b) Correct → Chilika (Odisha), 1981.
(c) Incorrect → Loktak added later.
(d) Incorrect → Sambhar added later.

Q16. Loktak Lake in Manipur is famous for:

a) Floating phumdis
b) Dolphins
c) Mangroves
d) Coral reefs

Answer: a) Floating phumdis

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Loktak has floating mats (phumdis).
(b) Incorrect → Not dolphins.
(c) Incorrect → Not mangroves.
(d) Incorrect → Not coral.

Q17. Which biosphere reserve is famous for Nilgiri tahr and lion-tailed macaque?

a) Nilgiri
b) Sundarbans
c) Nanda Devi
d) Gulf of Mannar

Answer: a) Nilgiri

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Endemics like macaque and tahr.
(b) Incorrect → Mangrove biodiversity.
(c) Incorrect → High altitude alpine fauna.
(d) Incorrect → Marine fauna.

Q18. Which biosphere reserve is a marine site in India?

a) Nilgiri
b) Sundarbans
c) Gulf of Mannar
d) Nanda Devi

Answer: c) Gulf of Mannar

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Nilgiri = terrestrial.
(b) Incorrect → Sundarbans = mangrove.
(c) Correct → Gulf of Mannar = marine biodiversity.
(d) Incorrect → Alpine terrestrial.

Q19. Which is the only Ramsar site in Ladakh?

a) Wular Lake
b) Pangong Tso
c) Tso Moriri
d) Loktak Lake

Answer: c) Tso Moriri

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Wular = Kashmir.
(b) Incorrect → Pangong Tso not Ramsar.
(c) Correct → Tso Moriri Lake = Ramsar site in Ladakh.
(d) Incorrect → Loktak = Manipur.

Q20. Which national park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for one-horned rhino?

a) Kaziranga
b) Gir
c) Periyar
d) Manas

Answer: a) Kaziranga

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Kaziranga = UNESCO WHS, rhinos.
(b) Incorrect → Gir = lions.
(c) Incorrect → Periyar = elephants.
(d) Incorrect → Manas = WHS but not rhino focus.

Q21. Which biosphere reserve is also a World Heritage Site?

a) Nanda Devi
b) Nilgiri
c) Sundarbans
d) All of these

Answer: d) All of these

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Nanda Devi = WHS.
(b) Correct → Nilgiri = WHS.
(c) Correct → Sundarbans = WHS.
(d) Correct → All.

Q22. Which Indian Ramsar site is the largest freshwater lake in Asia?

a) Chilika
b) Loktak
c) Wular
d) Sambhar

Answer: c) Wular

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Chilika = lagoon.
(b) Incorrect → Loktak = floating phumdis.
(c) Correct → Wular (J&K) largest freshwater lake.
(d) Incorrect → Sambhar = saline lake.

Q23. Which Indian Ramsar site is a saline lake?

a) Sambhar Lake
b) Loktak Lake
c) Chilika Lake
d) Wular Lake

Answer: a) Sambhar Lake

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Sambhar Lake (Rajasthan) = saline.
(b) Incorrect → Loktak = freshwater.
(c) Incorrect → Chilika = brackish lagoon.
(d) Incorrect → Wular = freshwater.

Q24. Which biosphere reserve in India is known for coral reefs?

a) Nanda Devi
b) Gulf of Mannar
c) Nilgiri
d) Sundarbans

Answer: b) Gulf of Mannar

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect → Alpine biodiversity.
(b) Correct → Gulf of Mannar = coral reefs.
(c) Incorrect → Nilgiri = terrestrial.
(d) Incorrect → Sundarbans = mangroves.

Q25. Which type of conservation do Ramsar sites represent?

a) In-situ conservation of wetlands
b) Ex-situ conservation
c) Zoo-based conservation
d) Gene bank preservation

Answer: a) In-situ conservation of wetlands

Explanation:

(a) Correct → Wetlands conserved at site (in-situ).
(b) Incorrect → Ex-situ = outside habitat.
(c) Incorrect → Zoos are ex-situ.
(d) Incorrect → Gene banks = ex-situ.

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Part 8 – Sacred Groves, Biosphere Reserves, National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries & Ramsar Sites (25 MCQs)