Part 6: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) and Amniocentesis
Part 6: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) and Amniocentesis
Q1. Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) means:
a) Natural miscarriage
b) Artificial termination of pregnancy under medical supervision
c) Infertility treatment
d) Contraception
Answer: b) Artificial termination of pregnancy under medical supervision
Q2. MTP is legally permitted in India up to:
a) 8 weeks
b) 12 weeks
c) 20 weeks (with conditions)
d) 30 weeks
Answer: c) 20 weeks (with conditions)
Explanation:
- As per Indian law, MTP can be done safely up to 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Q3. The main purpose of MTP is:
a) Population control
b) Removal of unwanted pregnancy due to contraceptive failure, rape, or risk to mother/child
c) Promoting infertility
d) Delaying childbirth
Answer: b) Removal of unwanted pregnancy due to contraceptive failure, rape, or risk to mother/child
Q4. Unsafe abortions are risky because they may cause:
a) Hemorrhage
b) Infections
c) Infertility
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Q5. Which of the following is NOT an indication for MTP?
a) Failure of contraception
b) Risk to mother’s life
c) Abnormal development of fetus
d) Desire for a male child
Answer: d) Desire for a male child
Explanation: This is illegal and unethical (female feticide issue).
Q6. MTP Act in India was passed in:
a) 1951
b) 1971
c) 1981
d) 2001
Answer: b) 1971
Q7. Amniocentesis is used for:
a) Detecting genetic and chromosomal disorders in fetus
b) Contraception
c) Inducing ovulation
d) Preventing STDs
Answer: a) Detecting genetic and chromosomal disorders in fetus
Q8. Amniocentesis involves removal of:
a) Placental tissue
b) Amniotic fluid
c) Chorionic villi
d) Maternal blood
Answer: b) Amniotic fluid
Q9. Cells obtained in amniocentesis are mainly:
a) Maternal cells
b) Embryonic cells
c) Placental trophoblast cells
d) Bacterial cells
Answer: b) Embryonic cells
Explanation: Embryonic cells in amniotic fluid are cultured to study chromosomes.
Q10. Amniocentesis is legally banned for:
a) Prenatal diagnosis of abnormalities
b) Detection of Down syndrome
c) Detection of sickle cell anemia
d) Sex determination of fetus
Answer: d) Sex determination of fetus
Q11. Chromosomal disorders like trisomy-21 (Down syndrome) can be detected by:
a) MTP
b) Amniocentesis
c) Vasectomy
d) Oral pills
Answer: b) Amniocentesis
Q12. Prenatal diagnostic techniques (PNDT) Act was implemented to:
a) Allow female feticide
b) Ban sex determination
c) Promote IVF
d) Encourage abortions
Answer: b) Ban sex determination
Q13. Which technique is safer and an alternative to amniocentesis?
a) Sonography
b) Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
c) MRI scan
d) PET scan
Answer: b) Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Q14. A woman with a family history of hemophilia undergoes amniocentesis. Why?
a) To detect infertility
b) To detect if fetus carries the defective gene
c) To terminate pregnancy
d) To detect STDs
Answer: b) To detect if fetus carries the defective gene
Q15. Which is NOT an advantage of amniocentesis?
a) Detects chromosomal anomalies
b) Detects genetic diseases
c) Detects fetal infections
d) Prevents STDs
Answer: d) Prevents STDs
Q16. Excessive misuse of amniocentesis in India has led to:
a) Increase in birth rate
b) Decline in female child ratio
c) Eradication of Down syndrome
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Decline in female child ratio
Q17. Amniocentesis is performed usually in which trimester?
a) 1st trimester
b) 2nd trimester
c) 3rd trimester
d) Just before birth
Answer: b) 2nd trimester
Explanation: Usually between 15–20 weeks of pregnancy.
Q18. MTP is sometimes essential in cases of:
a) Contraceptive failure
b) Rape victims
c) Severe genetic disorders in fetus
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Q19. Assertion (A): Amniocentesis involves sampling amniotic fluid.
Reason (R): It provides fetal cells for chromosomal and genetic analysis.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false
Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
Q20. Ethical concern with amniocentesis in India is:
a) Misuse for gender selection
b) Spread of infections
c) Infertility
d) Multiple births
Answer: a) Misuse for gender selection
Q21. Assertion (A): MTP is sometimes necessary for maternal health.
Reason (R): High-risk pregnancies can threaten mother’s life.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false
Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
Q22. Which of the following is considered safer — MTP or unsafe abortion?
a) MTP
b) Unsafe abortion
c) Both equally safe
d) None
Answer: a) MTP
Q23. Which fetal abnormality CANNOT be detected by amniocentesis?
a) Down syndrome
b) Sickle cell anemia
c) Polio infection
d) Turner’s syndrome
Answer: c) Polio infection
Explanation: Amniocentesis detects genetic/chromosomal disorders, not viral infections like polio.
Q24. Which of the following techniques is used along with amniocentesis for prenatal imaging?
a) X-rays
b) Ultrasound guidance
c) PET scan
d) Endoscopy
Answer: b) Ultrasound guidance
Q25. Assertion (A): PNDT Act prohibits prenatal sex determination.
Reason (R): Female feticide leads to imbalance in male-female ratio.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false
Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
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