Part 8: Mixed & Advanced NEET-Style MCQs (25 Questions)
Part 8: Mixed & Advanced NEET-Style MCQs (25 Questions)
Mixed & NEET-Style Advanced MCQs (Revision of entire chapter – Biotechnology: Principles and Processes)
Q176. The first step in creating recombinant DNA is:
a) Ligation
b) Transformation
c) Isolation of DNA
d) Electrophoresis
Answer: c
- c) Correct: DNA must be isolated before manipulation.
Q177. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at:
a) Any random site
b) Specific palindromic sequences
c) Every GC base pair
d) Promoter regions only
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Restriction endonucleases recognize palindromes.
Q178. EcoRI produces:
a) Blunt ends
b) Sticky ends
c) Random fragments
d) Single-stranded RNA
Answer: b
- b) Correct: EcoRI creates sticky ends (overhangs).
Q179. Which of the following is NOT a cloning vector?
a) pBR322
b) λ phage
c) Ti plasmid
d) Reverse transcriptase
Answer: d
- d) Correct: Reverse transcriptase = enzyme, not vector.
Q180. Selectable marker genes in plasmids help:
a) Cut DNA fragments
b) Identify transformed host cells
c) Join DNA
d) Transcribe RNA
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Markers identify recombinants (e.g., antibiotic resistance).
Q181. The function of lacZ in pUC plasmids is:
a) Selectable marker
b) Reporter gene for blue-white screening
c) ORI site
d) Restriction enzyme
Answer: b
- b) Correct: lacZ gene encodes β-galactosidase → blue-white screening.
Q182. Competent cells of E. coli are prepared using:
a) Ethanol
b) CaCl₂ + heat shock
c) Antibiotics
d) Lysozyme
Answer: b
- b) Correct: CaCl₂ treatment + 42°C heat shock.
Q183. Biolistics is most useful for:
a) E. coli
b) Plant cells with rigid walls
c) Animal cells
d) Fungi only
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Gene gun → monocots, plant cells with rigid walls.
Q184. In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA moves towards:
a) Negative electrode
b) Positive electrode
c) Randomly
d) Both electrodes
Answer: b
- b) Correct: DNA (– charge) → migrates towards anode (+).
Q185. The function of ethidium bromide is:
a) Cutting DNA
b) Visualizing DNA under UV light
c) Digesting proteins
d) Acting as selectable marker
Answer: b
- b) Correct: EtBr intercalates DNA → fluoresces under UV.
Q186. Recombinants in blue-white selection appear as:
a) Blue colonies
b) White colonies
c) Green colonies
d) Red colonies
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Recombinants disrupt lacZ → white colonies.
Q187. A bioreactor differs from a fermenter because:
a) Bioreactor has better control over growth conditions
b) Fermenter is smaller
c) Bioreactor allows large-scale product recovery
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: All are true differences.
Q188. Which is NOT part of downstream processing?
a) Fermentation
b) Purification
c) Quality testing
d) Packaging
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Fermentation = upstream process.
Q189. First recombinant therapeutic protein produced was:
a) Human growth hormone
b) Human insulin
c) Interferon
d) Monoclonal antibodies
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Recombinant insulin (Humulin).
Q190. Which enzyme is called “molecular scissors”?
a) DNA ligase
b) Restriction endonuclease
c) Reverse transcriptase
d) Taq polymerase
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Restriction enzymes cut DNA = molecular scissors.
Q191. Which enzyme is called “molecular glue”?
a) Restriction endonuclease
b) DNA ligase
c) RNA polymerase
d) DNase
Answer: b
- b) Correct: DNA ligase joins DNA fragments.
Q192. Insertional inactivation refers to:
a) DNA insertion disrupting marker/reporter gene
b) DNA insertion increasing resistance
c) DNA insertion in ORI
d) RNA degradation
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Foreign DNA disrupts marker gene → easy screening.
Q193. The enzyme used to make cDNA is:
a) DNA ligase
b) Reverse transcriptase
c) DNA polymerase I
d) RNA polymerase
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Reverse transcriptase makes cDNA from mRNA.
Q194. The Ti plasmid is a useful vector for:
a) Animal gene transfer
b) Plant gene transfer
c) Bacterial gene transfer
d) Viral replication
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Ti plasmid from Agrobacterium → plant transformation.
Q195. Which feature is essential in a cloning vector?
a) ORI
b) Selectable marker
c) Restriction sites (MCS)
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: ORI + marker + MCS = must-have features.
Q196. Downstream processing involves:
a) Cutting DNA
b) Isolation and purification of recombinant product
c) Insertion of DNA
d) PCR
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Downstream processing = product purification.
Q197. The enzyme used in PCR to withstand high temperature is:
a) DNA ligase
b) Reverse transcriptase
c) Taq polymerase
d) EcoRI
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Taq polymerase = thermostable enzyme from Thermus aquaticus.
Q198. Shuttle vectors are designed to:
a) Transfer genes between different host systems
b) Kill bacteria
c) Cut DNA
d) Store RNA
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Shuttle vectors replicate in multiple hosts (e.g., bacteria + yeast).
Q199. A recombinant clone can be quickly identified using:
a) Antibiotic markers
b) Blue-white screening
c) Reporter genes
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: All methods help detect recombinants.
Q200. The ultimate aim of recombinant DNA technology is to:
a) Destroy genes
b) Express foreign gene in host to produce useful product
c) Increase mutation frequency
d) Replace all natural processes
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Goal = transfer + express gene → produce recombinant product.
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