Part 8: Integrated NEET-Level Practice — Mixed, Assertion–Reason, Clinical Questions

Part 8: Integrated NEET-Level Practice — Mixed, Assertion–Reason, Clinical Questions

Q1. In a healthy female, ovulation typically occurs on:

a) Day 7 of cycle
b) Day 14 of cycle
c) Day 21 of cycle
d) Day 28 of cycle

Answer: b) Day 14 of cycle
Explanation: Mid-cycle LH surge triggers ovulation ~day 14 (for 28-day cycle).

Q2. Assertion (A): Sperm motility is essential for fertilisation.

Reason (R): Sperm must travel through female genital tract to reach ampullary–isthmic junction.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q3. A woman has irregular cycles and fails to ovulate. Which hormone therapy may help induce ovulation?

a) Progesterone
b) Estrogen
c) FSH + LH (gonadotropins)
d) Oxytocin

Answer: c) FSH + LH (gonadotropins)
Explanation: Gonadotropins stimulate follicle development & ovulation.

Q4. Capacitation of sperm includes:

a) Acrosome reaction in epididymis
b) Functional maturation in female genital tract
c) Zona pellucida binding in testis
d) Fertilisation membrane formation

Answer: b) Functional maturation in female genital tract

Q5. Clinical case: A woman’s pregnancy test is positive. Which hormone is being detected?

a) Progesterone
b) Estrogen
c) hCG
d) Prolactin

Answer: c) hCG
Explanation: hCG secreted by trophoblast is detected in urine/serum.

Q6. A 35-year-old woman has pregnancy implanted in fallopian tube. This condition is called:

a) Tubectomy
b) Ectopic pregnancy
c) Miscarriage
d) Endometriosis

Answer: b) Ectopic pregnancy
Explanation: Tubal implantation is ectopic and life-threatening.

Q7. Assertion (A): Polar bodies are produced during oogenesis.

Reason (R): Oogenesis involves unequal cytokinesis.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q8. Which prevents polyspermy in humans?

a) Acrosome reaction
b) Cortical reaction
c) Capacitation
d) Spermiation

Answer: b) Cortical reaction
Explanation: Cortical granules modify zona pellucida → block additional sperm entry.

Q9. The hormone essential for maintenance of pregnancy after 1st trimester is:

a) Corpus luteum progesterone
b) Placental progesterone
c) FSH
d) Oxytocin

Answer: b) Placental progesterone
Explanation: Placenta takes over after ~12 weeks.

Q10. Clinical case: A newborn has yellowish first milk intake. What benefit does it provide?

a) High calories
b) Passive immunity (IgA)
c) Vitamin C supply
d) Enhances ovulation

Answer: b) Passive immunity (IgA)

Q11. Assertion (A): Spermatogenesis begins at puberty.

Reason (R): High levels of FSH and testosterone are required.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q12. A contraceptive method that prevents both pregnancy and STDs is:

a) Oral pills
b) Copper-T
c) Condom
d) Tubectomy

Answer: c) Condom

Q13. Assertion (A): hCG is secreted soon after implantation.

Reason (R): hCG maintains corpus luteum to continue progesterone production.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q14. A zygote at 8–16 cell stage is called:

a) Blastocyst
b) Morula
c) Gastrula
d) Trophoblast

Answer: b) Morula

Q15. Assertion (A): Progesterone is called “hormone of pregnancy.”

Reason (R): It maintains endometrium and prevents uterine contractions.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q16. Which of the following is a permanent method of contraception?

a) Copper-T
b) Condom
c) Tubectomy
d) Oral pills

Answer: c) Tubectomy

Q17. Clinical case: A male after vasectomy still has normal testosterone. Why?

a) Testosterone secreted by Sertoli cells
b) Vasectomy does not affect Leydig cells
c) Testosterone from adrenal only
d) Sperm produce testosterone

Answer: b) Vasectomy does not affect Leydig cells

Q18. Assertion (A): Ovulation occurs due to LH surge.

Reason (R): Estrogen exerts positive feedback on hypothalamus-pituitary axis.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q19. Which contraceptive is most suitable for women who cannot use estrogen?

a) Combined pill
b) Progesterone-only pill (mini pill)
c) Copper-T
d) Tubectomy

Answer: b) Progesterone-only pill (mini pill)

Q20. A man with low FSH levels may have reduced:

a) Testosterone
b) Sperm production
c) Prolactin
d) Progesterone

Answer: b) Sperm production
Explanation: FSH stimulates Sertoli cells for spermatogenesis.

Q21. Assertion (A): Placenta acts as a temporary endocrine organ.

Reason (R): It secretes hCG, progesterone, estrogen, and hPL.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q22. Clinical case: A woman missed periods, ultrasound shows embryo but no heartbeat. Likely explanation?

a) Fertilisation failure
b) Implantation failed
c) Early embryonic death
d) Ectopic pregnancy

Answer: c) Early embryonic death

Q23. Fertilisation ensures:

a) Activation of egg metabolism
b) Restoration of diploidy
c) Initiation of cleavage
d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Q24. Assertion (A): Colostrum is considered highly beneficial for newborn.

Reason (R): It contains nutrients and maternal antibodies.
a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A and R true; R not explanation
c) A true, R false
d) Both false

Answer: a) Both A and R true; R correct explanation

Q25. Which hormone initiates milk secretion after birth?

a) Progesterone
b) Prolactin
c) Estrogen
d) Oxytocin

Answer: b) Prolactin
Explanation: Prolactin stimulates milk synthesis; oxytocin → milk ejection.

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