Part 7: Antibiotics – Discovery, Production & Misuse (25 MCQs)
Part 7: Antibiotics – Discovery, Production & Misuse (25 MCQs)
Q151. Who discovered the first antibiotic, Penicillin?
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Alexander Fleming
c) Robert Koch
d) Edward Jenner
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Alexander Fleming (1928) discovered penicillin.
Q152. The large-scale production of penicillin was achieved by:
a) Fleming alone
b) Florey and Chain
c) Koch and Pasteur
d) Jenner
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Florey and Chain developed commercial production.
Q153. Antibiotics are produced by:
a) Only bacteria
b) Only fungi
c) Both bacteria and fungi
d) Viruses
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Antibiotics come from both bacteria (Streptomyces) and fungi (Penicillium).
Q154. Streptomycin is produced by:
a) Streptomyces griseus
b) Penicillium chrysogenum
c) Bacillus subtilis
d) Aspergillus
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Streptomyces griseus → Streptomycin.
Q155. Tetracycline is produced by:
a) Streptomyces aureofaciens
b) Rhizobium
c) Bacillus thuringiensis
d) Lactobacillus
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Tetracyclines → Streptomyces aureofaciens.
Q156. Chloramphenicol is produced by:
a) Streptomyces venezuelae
b) Penicillium notatum
c) Aspergillus niger
d) Clostridium
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Streptomyces venezuelae → Chloramphenicol.
Q157. Rifampicin is used to treat:
a) Tuberculosis
b) Malaria
c) AIDS
d) Influenza
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Rifampicin → anti-TB antibiotic.
Q158. Which antibiotic is also called a “broad-spectrum” antibiotic?
a) Chloramphenicol
b) Penicillin G
c) Rifampicin
d) Polymyxin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Chloramphenicol → broad-spectrum (works on Gram + and – bacteria).
Q159. Antibiotics are NOT effective against:
a) Bacteria
b) Viruses
c) Protozoa
d) Fungi
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Antibiotics do not work on viruses.
Q160. Why should antibiotics be used judiciously?
a) They are expensive
b) Overuse leads to resistance in bacteria
c) They are vaccines
d) They always cause allergy
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Antibiotic resistance develops due to misuse/overuse.
Q161. Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis?
a) Penicillin
b) Streptomycin
c) Chloramphenicol
d) Rifampicin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Penicillin blocks peptidoglycan synthesis.
Q162. Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial protein synthesis?
a) Streptomycin
b) Penicillin
c) Rifampicin
d) Cyclosporin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Streptomycin blocks ribosomal function.
Q163. Antibiotic resistance occurs due to:
a) Overuse of antibiotics
b) Incomplete dosage
c) Mutation in bacteria
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: All factors contribute to resistance.
Q164. Which of the following is NOT an antibiotic?
a) Penicillin
b) Streptomycin
c) Insulin
d) Rifampicin
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Insulin = hormone, not antibiotic.
Q165. Bacitracin is produced by:
a) Bacillus subtilis
b) Penicillium chrysogenum
c) Streptomyces venezuelae
d) Aspergillus niger
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Bacillus subtilis → Bacitracin.
Q166. The main difference between antibiotics and vaccines is:
a) Antibiotics prevent infection, vaccines cure it
b) Vaccines prevent infection, antibiotics treat it
c) Both prevent infection
d) Both cure infections
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Vaccines prevent; antibiotics treat infections.
Q167. Which antibiotic is used in typhoid fever?
a) Chloramphenicol
b) Penicillin
c) Streptomycin
d) Rifampicin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Chloramphenicol → used in typhoid treatment.
Q168. Polymyxin is used against:
a) Tuberculosis
b) Gram-negative bacteria
c) Viral infections
d) Cancer cells
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Polymyxin = Gram-negative bacteria antibiotic.
Q169. Which antibiotic causes aplastic anemia as side-effect?
a) Chloramphenicol
b) Penicillin
c) Streptomycin
d) Rifampicin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Chloramphenicol → rare but serious aplastic anemia.
Q170. Vancomycin is effective against:
a) Gram-positive bacteria
b) Gram-negative bacteria
c) Viruses
d) Protozoa
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Vancomycin → last-resort antibiotic for Gram-positive bacteria.
Q171. Which of the following antibiotics is produced by fungi?
a) Penicillin
b) Streptomycin
c) Tetracycline
d) Rifampicin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Penicillin → Penicillium chrysogenum (fungus).
Q172. Which antibiotic is derived from actinomycetes?
a) Streptomycin
b) Chloramphenicol
c) Tetracycline
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: Actinomycetes → multiple antibiotics.
Q173. Which one is NOT a harmful effect of antibiotic misuse?
a) Antibiotic resistance
b) Killing useful gut flora
c) Weakened immunity
d) Improved immunity
Answer: d
- d) Correct: Misuse never improves immunity.
Q174. The term “antibiotic” was first coined by:
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Selman Waksman
c) Robert Koch
d) Louis Pasteur
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Selman Waksman coined the term antibiotic.
Q175. Which of the following is a fungal metabolite with medical use other than antibiotic?
a) Cyclosporin A
b) Statins
c) Both a and b
d) None
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Cyclosporin A (immunosuppressant) & statins (cholesterol-lowering) from fungi.
Class 12 Biology MCQs, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET UG biology questions, Industrial use of microbes, Sewage treatment microbes, Biogas and biofertilizers, Antibiotics NCERT questions, Biocontrol agents MCQs, microbes in human welfare class 12 biology MCQs, NCERT microbes in human welfare chapter NEET questions, CBSE biology class 12 chapter 8 question bank, antibiotics production class 12 biology NEET questions, sewage treatment microbes class 12 solved MCQs, biogas production microbes NEET preparation, biofertilizers and biocontrol agents class 12 MCQs, online learning microbes in human welfare NEET practice