Part 8 — Seed dispersal, fruit formation significance & integrated NEET-level practice (25 MCQs)
Part 8: Seed Dispersal, Fruit Formation Significance & Integrated NEET-Level Practice
Q1. The primary function of seed dispersal is:
a) To ensure self-pollination
b) To prevent overcrowding and competition
c) To increase fruit size
d) To help in double fertilization
Answer: b) To prevent overcrowding and competition
- ✅ Dispersal spreads seeds away from parent → reduces competition.
- (a) & (d) are unrelated to dispersal.
- (c) Fruit size doesn’t depend on dispersal.
Q2. Seeds dispersed by wind usually have:
a) Hooks
b) Wings or hairs
c) Fleshy pericarp
d) Sticky exine
Answer: b) Wings or hairs
- ✅ Wind dispersal adaptations = wings (drumstick) or hairy appendages (calotropis).
Q3. Seeds dispersed by animals often show:
a) Wings
b) Hooks and spines
c) Air chambers
d) Slimy coats
Answer: b) Hooks and spines
- ✅ Hooks/spines help seeds cling to animal fur/feathers.
Q4. Coconuts are dispersed by:
a) Wind
b) Water
c) Animals
d) Explosion
Answer: b) Water
- ✅ Fibrous husk helps coconuts float on water.
Q5. Which fruit is dispersed by explosive mechanism?
a) Pea
b) Coconut
c) Mango
d) Calotropis
Answer: a) Pea
- ✅ Pea pods burst open → scatter seeds.
Q6. Which fruit is classified as a drupe?
a) Apple
b) Mango
c) Tomato
d) Pea
Answer: b) Mango
- ✅ Drupe = single seed, stony endocarp (mango, coconut).
Q7. Which of the following is a parthenocarpic fruit?
a) Mango
b) Banana
c) Wheat
d) Cotton
Answer: b) Banana
- ✅ Banana develops without fertilization (parthenocarpy).
Q8. The pericarp in dry fruits is usually:
a) Hard or papery
b) Juicy
c) Woody
d) Absent
Answer: a) Hard or papery
- ✅ Dry fruits like pea/pulses → thin, papery or hard pericarp.
Q9. The edible part of apple is:
a) Endosperm
b) Pericarp
c) Thalamus
d) Cotyledon
Answer: c) Thalamus
- ✅ Apple = false fruit → thalamus forms edible part.
Q10. True fruits develop from:
a) Thalamus
b) Ovary only
c) Sepals
d) Petals
Answer: b) Ovary only
- ✅ True fruits arise solely from ovary.
Q11. False fruits develop from:
a) Ovary only
b) Ovary + thalamus/other floral parts
c) Cotyledons
d) Seed coat
Answer: b) Ovary + thalamus/other floral parts
- ✅ Eg: Apple, cashew.
Q12. Seed dispersal by water requires:
a) Light weight and buoyancy
b) Hooks
c) Wings
d) Explosive pods
Answer: a) Light weight and buoyancy
- ✅ Eg: Coconut, lotus seeds → fibrous husk or air chambers.
Q13. Which of the following aids in dispersal by wind?
a) Fleshy pericarp
b) Winged seeds
c) Hooks and spines
d) Edible fruits
Answer: b) Winged seeds
- ✅ Eg: Drumstick, maple.
Q14. Which is an example of a false fruit?
a) Tomato
b) Mango
c) Apple
d) Coconut
Answer: c) Apple
- ✅ Apple → edible part = thalamus.
Q15. Which fruit develops without fertilization?
a) Parthenocarpic fruit
b) True fruit
c) False fruit
d) Dry fruit
Answer: a) Parthenocarpic fruit
- ✅ Eg: Banana, seedless grapes.
Q16. Which hormone induces parthenocarpy artificially?
a) Cytokinin
b) Auxin
c) ABA
d) Ethylene
Answer: b) Auxin
- ✅ Synthetic auxins induce seedless fruit formation.
Q17. The economic significance of fruit formation is:
a) Food storage and seed protection
b) Double fertilization
c) Vegetative propagation
d) Self-pollination
Answer: a) Food storage and seed protection
- ✅ Fruits protect seeds, aid dispersal, act as food.
Q18. Which seed is dispersed by explosive mechanism?
a) Cotton
b) Balsam
c) Coconut
d) Mango
Answer: b) Balsam
- ✅ Balsam pods burst explosively → fling seeds.
Q19. Cotton seeds are dispersed by:
a) Hooks
b) Wings
c) Hairy outgrowths
d) Water
Answer: c) Hairy outgrowths
- ✅ Cotton = wind dispersal by seed hairs.
Q20. Epizoochory refers to dispersal by:
a) Wind
b) Water
c) Attachment to animals
d) Explosion
Answer: c) Attachment to animals
- ✅ Seeds with hooks cling to animal fur (epizoochory).
Q21. Which plant shows polyembryony?
a) Mango
b) Onion
c) Citrus
d) Banana
Answer: c) Citrus
- ✅ Citrus, onion show multiple embryos in one seed.
Q22. Double fertilization is absent in:
a) Gymnosperms
b) Angiosperms
c) All flowering plants
d) Monocots
Answer: a) Gymnosperms
- ✅ Unique feature of angiosperms only.
Q23. Assertion (A): False fruits develop without fertilization.
Reason (R): They arise from floral parts other than ovary.
a) Both A & R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A & R true; R not correct explanation
c) A true; R false
d) Both false
Answer: c) A true; R false
- ✅ False fruits = ovary + other parts, not necessarily without fertilization.
Q24. Assertion (A): Seed dispersal aids in colonization.
Reason (R): It prevents competition and allows survival in new habitats.
a) Both A & R true; R correct explanation
b) Both A & R true; R not explanation
c) A true; R false
d) Both false
Answer: a) Both A & R true; R correct explanation
Q25. NEET Practice Q: In mango, the fruit type is —
a) Drupe; true fruit from ovary
b) Drupe; false fruit from thalamus
c) Capsule; false fruit from ovary
d) Berry; parthenocarpic
Answer: a) Drupe; true fruit from ovary
- ✅ Mango = drupe, develops from ovary only → true fruit.
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